How to select and optimize a website's primary URL for Google? (i.e. www.xyz.com, xyz.com, https://xyz.com, etc.)

I've read that you should 301 redirect all alternative URL structures to the one that you select as your 'primary' URL.

How do I know which structure is best?

How do I reflect this within Google Search Console and Google's crawling practices?

Are there any expected SEO outcomes of doing this generally?

Thanks in advance for any insight!

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